The Pedagogical Lesson of the Example of Sodom in the Paedagogus III 44.1 of Clement of Alexandria: The Comparison Between Sybaris and Sodom

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20420/Phil.Can.2024.678

Keywords:

Sodom, Sybaris, tryphé, example, philanthropic pedagogy

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the reception of the term Sodom in the Paed. II 43.5-44.4, by the prominent Christian teacher and apologist. The methodology initially follows an immanent reading of the passage; subsequently, a historical-critical approach is undertaken to situate the implicit moral assumptions of the time in the interpretation of the Alexandrian theologian. The result is an argumentative structure based on the opposition between simplicity-tryphé (luxury) and a comparative framework between Sodom and Sybaris.

Supporting Agencies

This article is part of a research project funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain [Project code: PID2020-114729GB-I00].

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Jesús Caos Huerta Rodríguez, Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, subsede Ensenada, México

PhD in Classical Philology from the Universidad Nacional de Educación Nacional (UNED), Madrid, Spain, and Associate Professor at the Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (UPN), Ensenada, Mexico. Member of the working team of the project “Biblia latina e historiografía eclesiástica: edición y estudio de textos" (PID2020-114729GB-I00), funded by MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033. He belongs to the National System of Researchers (CONAHCYT [Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías]) in Mexico, where he develops the research line “Ancient philosophy, texts and interculturality”.

References

AELIUS THEON. (1855). Ars rhetorica, Rhetores Graeci (L. Spengel, ed.; vol. 2). Teubner.

AHERN, E. (2018). The sin of Sodom in Late Antiquity. Journal of the History of Sexuality, 27(2), 209-233. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/jhs27201.

ATHENAEUS. (2010). The learned banqueters: Books 12-13.594b (S. D. Olson, ed. y trad.). Loeb Classical Library.

ALEXANDRE, M., Jr. (1989). The chreia in Greco-Roman education. Ktèma : Civilisations de l’Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome Antiques, 14, 161-168. https://doi.org/10.3406/ktema.1989.2607.

BOLLANSEE, J. (2008). Clearchus’ treatise On modes of life and the theme of tryphè. Ktèma : Civilisations de l’Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome Antiques, 33, 403-41. https://doi.org/10.3406/ktema.2008.1118.

BOSWELL, J. (1980). Christianity, social tolerance and homosexuality: Gay people in Western Europe from the beginning of the Christian era to the fourteenth century. The University of Chicago.

BUTTS, J. R. (1986). The chreia in the Synoptic Gospels. Biblical Theology Bulletin, 16(4), 132–138. https://doi.org/10.1177/014610798601600403.

CLAUDIUS AELIANUS. (1974). Varia Historia (M. R. Dilts, ed.). Teubner.

CLEMENS ALEXANDRINUS. (1972). Erster Band: Protrepticus und Paedagogus (O. Stählin y U. Treu, eds.). Akademia-Verlag.

CLEMENS ALEXANDRINUS. (1985). Zweiter Band: Stromata Buch I-VI (O. Stählin, U. Treu y L. Früchtel, eds.). Akademia-Verlag.

CLEMENTE DE ALEJANDRÍA. (1998). El pedagogo (J. Sariol Díaz, trad.). Gredos.

CLEMENTIS ALEXANDRINI. (2002). Paedagogus (M. Marcovich, ed., con la ayuda de J. C. M. van Winden). Brill.

ELIANO, C. (2006). Historias curiosas (J. M. Cortés Copete, trad.). Gredos.

DIO CHRYSOSTOM. (1940). Discourses III, 31–36 (J. W. Cohoon y H. Lamar Crosby, eds. y trads.). Loeb Classical Library.

FERNÁNDEZ MARCOS, N. (2008). Libro del Génesis. En M.ª V. Spottorno Díaz-Caro y N. Fernández Marcos (coords.), La Biblia griega. Septuaginta I. Pentateuco (N. Fernández Marcos, M.ª V. Spottorno Díaz-Caro y J. M. Cañas Reillo, trads., pp. 37-139). Sígueme.

FIELDS, W. W. (1997). Sodom and Gomorrah: History and motif in biblical narrative. Sheffield Academic.

FOUCAULT, M. (2019). Historia de la sexualidad IV: Las confesiones de la carne (F. Gros, ed., H. Pons, trad.). Siglo XXI.

GARCÍA QUINTELA, M. V. (2002). La destrucción de Síbaris y la mitopoyesis pitagórica. Dialogues d’Histoire Ancienne, 28(2), 19-39. https://doi.org/10.3406/dha.2002.2471.

GARCIA QUINTELA, M. V. (2010). La destrucción de Síbaris y la política pitagórica. Athenaeum: Studi di Letteratura e Storia dell’Antichità, 2, 365-388.

GLAD, E. C. (2005). The rhetoric of moral exhortation in Clement’s Pedagogue. Walter de Gruyter.

GORMAN, V. (2014, 3-5 de enero). Eden is the paradise of truphē [comunicación oral]. 145th Annual Meeting of the American Philological Association, Chicago, IL, Estados Unidos. https://classicalstudies.org/eden-paradise-truph%C4%93.

GORMAN, J. R., y GORMAN, B. V. (2007). The tryphê of the sybarites: A historiographical problem in Athenaeus, Journal of Hellenic Studies, 127, 38-60. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0075426900001609.

GORMAN, J. R., y GORMAN, B. V. (2014). Corrupting luxury in the ancient Greek literature. University of Michigan.

HATCH. E., y REDPATH, A. H. (1898). A Concordance of the Septuagint and the other Greek versions of the Old Testament (vol. 2). Clarendon.

HERÓDOTO. (1981). Historia: libros VI-VII (C. Schrader, introd. y trad.). Gredos.

HUERTA RODRÍGUEZ, J. C. (2018). Exégesis bíblica en Clemente de Alejandría: Usos e interpretación de las citas de los LXX (Pentateuco). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.

HUERTA RODRÍGUEZ, J. C. (2021). La recepción del término Sodoma en el Protréptico de Clemente de Alejandría: la deconstrucción de un estereotipo. Byzantion Nea Hellás, (40), 41-62. https://byzantion.uchile.cl/index.php/RBNH/article/view/65272/68551.

HUERTA RODRÍGUEZ, J. C. (2022a, 15 de febrero). La recepción de Sodoma en el texto hebreo del Antiguo Testamento: la construcción de un estereotipo. El Evangelista Mexicano, 41 párrs. https://elevangelistamexicano.org/2022/02/15/la-recepcion-de-sodoma-en-el-texto-hebreo-del-antiguo-testamento-la-construccion-de-un-estereotipo/.

HUERTA RODRÍGUEZ, J. C. (2022b). La recepción del término Sodoma en el Pedagogo 2.89.2-3 de Clemente de Alejandría: Una lectura platónica de la hybris de los sodomitas. HABIS, (53), 53-69.

HUERTA RODRÍGUEZ, J. C. (2022c). La interpretación de Sodoma en la obra de Filón de Alejandría. Una lectura en clave grecorromana. Synthesis, 29(2), 75 párrs, https://doi.org/10.24215/1851779Xe125.

KENNEDY, A. G. (1999). Classical rhetoric and its Christian and secular tradition from ancient to modern times. The University of North Carolina.

LIDDELL, G. H., y SCOTT, R. (1996). A Greek-English lexicon. Clarendon.

MARROU, H.-I. (1985). Historia de la educación en la Antigüedad (Y. Barja de Quiroga, trad.). Akal.

MIZIUR, M. (2013). Exotic animals as a manifestation of royal luxuria. Rulers and their menageris: From the Pompe of Ptolemy II Philadelphus to Aurelian. PHASIS: Greek and Roman Studies, 15-16, 451-465. https://phasis.tsu.ge/index.php/PJ/article/view/1990.

NEL, M. J. (2016). The relationship between the Markan ἀφίημι-chreia and the historical Jesus. Scriptura, 115, 1-17. https://dx.doi.org/10.7833/115-0-1196.

Novum Testamentum Graece. (28.ª ed. rev.). (2015). (B. y K. Aland, J. Karavidopoulos, C. M. Martini y B. Metzger, eds.). Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft.

PHILO VON ALEXANDRIA. (1896). Philonis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt (L. Cohn y P. Wendland, eds.; vols. 1-6). Typiset Impensis Georgii Reimeri.

PHILO VON ALEXANDRIA. (1930). Philonis Alexandrini opera quae supersun (L. Cohn y P. Wendland, eds., vol. 7, parte 2, Indices). Walter de Gruyter.

POLYBIUS. (1922). The Histories: Vol. II, books 3-4 (W. R. Paton, ed. y trad.). Loeb Classical Library.

POLYBIUS. (1923). The Histories: Vol. III, books 5-8 (W. R. Paton, ed. y trad.). Loeb Classical Library.

POLYBIUS. (1925). The Histories: Vol. IV, books 9-15 (W. R. Paton, ed. y trad.). Loeb Classical Library.

PSEUDO-SCYMNOS. (2000). Circuit de la terre. Géographes grecs. Tome I, Introduction générale (D. Marcotte, introd. y trad.). Belles Lettres.

ROUSSELLE, A. (2001). Images as education in the Roman Empire (2nd – 3rd Centuries C.E.). En Y. Lee Too (ed.), Education in Greek and Roman Antiquity (pp. 343-404). Brill.

Septuaginta. (2.ª ed.) (2006). (A. Rahlfs y R. Hanhart, eds.). Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft.

SPEISER, E. A. (1964). Genesis: A new translation with introduction and commentary. Doubleday The Anchor Bible.

SPOTTORNO DÍAZ-CARO, M.ª V. (2015). Libro de Ezequiel. En N. Fernández Marcos y M.ª V. Spottorno Díaz-Caro (coords.), La Biblia griega. Septuaginta IV. Libros proféticos (N. Fernández Marcos, M.ª Victoria Spottorno Díaz-Caro, J. M. Cañas Reillo, M. López Salvá, I. Delgado Jara y L. Miralles Maciá, trads., pp. 381-471). Sígueme.

STÄHLIN, O. (1936). Clemens Alexandrinus: Register (vol. 4). Hinrichs.

STEGENGA, J., y TUGGY, A. (1985). Concordancia analítica greco-española del Nuevo Testamento greco-español. CLIE.

STEWARD, A. T. (2017). Jewish paideia: Greek education in the Letter of Aristeas and 2 Maccabees. Journal for the Study of Judaism, 48, 182-202. https://doi.org/10.1163/15700631-12340146.

TEÓN, HERMÓGENES, y AFTONIO. (1991). Ejercicios de retórica (M.ª D. Reche Martínez, introd., trad. y notas). Gredos.

THOMSON, S. (2014). The barbarian Sophist: Clement of Alexandria’s Stromateis and the Second Sophistic [Tesis doctoral, University of Oxford]. Oxford University Research Archive (ORA). https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:98aca742-1277-4635-9d33-73ca18cf9071.

von RAD, G. (1972). Genesis: A commentary (rev. ed.). Westminster.

WRIGHT IV, M. W. (2009). Rhetoric and theology: Figural reading of John 9. Walter de Gruyter.

Published

2024-06-22

How to Cite

Huerta Rodríguez, J. C. (2024). The Pedagogical Lesson of the Example of Sodom in the Paedagogus III 44.1 of Clement of Alexandria: The Comparison Between Sybaris and Sodom. Philologica Canariensia, 30, 297–315. https://doi.org/10.20420/Phil.Can.2024.678

Issue

Section

Articles